@inproceedings{oai:nwec.repo.nii.ac.jp:00018816,
 author = {青木, 玲子 and Aoki, Reiko},
 month = {2018-12-25},
 note = {Japan is known as a country prone to natural disasters. Many people were impacted by the tsunami and nuclear power plant accident following the Great East Japan Earthquake of March 2011. Under the harsh conditions of evacuation shelters, various forms of discrimination experienced by women in daily life surfaced, exposing societal distortions such as gendered division of labor and sexual violence/harassment. Despite such circumstances, women’s voices were seldom heard. Women relief workers were keenly aware of the need for policies to support vulnerable groups and women’s leadership. Disaster recovery and reduction measures must be revised to fully reflect the experiences of women. To this end, efforts must be made to collect records of women’s experiences and to pass these on to subsequent generations. Up to now, the experiences and activities of women have remained hidden. Records of disasters develop slowly over long periods of time. In some cases, it is only decades after a painful experience that a woman can start talking about it. In this presentation, I examine past collection of records on disasters and women and discuss archival systems to facilitate use of such records. Specifically, I discuss:
1. Classification of records related to disaster and gender, evacuation center management that takes into consideration the needs of vulnerable groups, use of surveys and consultations to identify the needs of women in disaster-affected areas, policy recommendations for disaster reduction and recovery, and methods for creating collections.
2. Case studies of earthquake disaster archives, examples of survivors in different disaster-affected areas sharing their experiences, and examples of support activities by women’s groups aimed at recording women’s experiences.
3. Use of the National Women’s Education Center (NWEC) Archive of Women’s Disaster Recovery Support and dissemination in coordination with the National Diet Library and a system for the sharing of information., Known as a country prone to natural disasters, Japan has been repeatedly experiencing large-scale disasters. Even just in the last century, several major earthquakes including the Great Kanto Earthquake (1923), the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake (1995), the Chuetsu Earthquake (2005), the Great East Japan Earthquake (2011), and the Kumamoto Earthquake (2016) have occurred throughout the country. Many individuals have lost their lives and the bases for their livelihoods as a result of such disasters.
The tsunami and nuclear power plant accident that followed the Great East Japan Earthquake, which struck in March of 2011, left many victims in its wake. Those who lost their loved ones and houses face the prospect of prolonged living under harsh evacuation conditions in affected areas.
Under the difficult circumstances of everyday life as evacuees, various forms of gender-based discrimination faced by women affected by the disaster rose to the surface. Societal distortions such as gendered division of labor, violence, and sexual harassment had become blatantly obvious. However, the voices of women in disaster-affected areas were rarely heard. Women providing relief in disaster-affected areas were keenly aware of the pressing need for policies supporting various groups of vulnerable individuals and leadership by women.
The power of women, based on full utilization of their experiences, is needed to change our approach to disaster recovery and disaster prevention. The experiences and activities of women who were unable to speak out in the seven years since the disaster still remain hidden. Records of the disaster are unique in that they are assembled slowly over time. I have heard of women who are just now starting to talk about painful experiences that took place twenty years ago. Records of such experiences need to be collected and passed on to subsequent generations.
In this presentation, focusing on the records of the Great East Japan Earthquake, I examine systems for developing collections of and utilizing the disaster records of women’s activities in disasters.},
 title = {Collection Development on Women’s Earthquake Disaster Experiences and Support Activities in Japan.},
 year = {},
 yomi = {アオキ, レイコ}
}